Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD) is a condition that is characterized by a persistent feeling of dizziness or unsteadiness, which can be worsened by movement, visual stimuli, or being in certain positions. This condition can be challenging to manage, but there are several medications that may be effective in reducing symptoms. In this article, we will discuss the best medication options for treating PPPD.
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: (SSRIs) SSRIs are a class of antidepressant medications that have been found to be effective in treating anxiety and depression, which are commonly associated with PPPD. Studies have also shown that SSRIs can help reduce symptoms of dizziness and improve quality of life for patients with PPPD. Common SSRIs include fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), and citalopram (Celexa).
- Benzodiazepines: Benzodiazepines are a class of medication that work by enhancing the activity of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which has a calming effect on the brain. Benzodiazepines can help reduce anxiety and may also help alleviate symptoms of PPPD. However, they can be habit-forming and should be used with caution. Common benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax), lorazepam (Ativan), and diazepam (Valium).
- Vestibular suppressants: Vestibular suppressants are medications that work by suppressing the activity of the inner ear, which is responsible for balance and orientation. These medications can help reduce dizziness and vertigo associated with PPPD. Common vestibular suppressants include meclizine (Antivert), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), and promethazine (Phenergan).
- Beta-blockers: Beta-blockers are a class of medication that work by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the heart and blood vessels, which can help reduce heart rate and blood pressure. Beta-blockers can also help reduce symptoms of anxiety and may be effective in treating PPPD. Common beta-blockers include propranolol (Inderal) and atenolol (Tenormin).
It is important to note that the best medication for PPPD may vary depending on individual patient factors and medication tolerability. Therefore, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any medication.
Sources:
- Popkirov S, Staab JP, Stone J. Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD): a common, characteristic and treatable cause of chronic dizziness. Pract Neurol. 2018;18(1):5-13. doi:10.1136/practneurol-2017-001809
- Caproni S, Pecci R, Di Girolamo S, et al. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of vestibular migraine and persistent postural-perceptual dizziness: a meta-analysis. Front Neurol. 2019;10:830. doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00830
- Kaski D, Bronstein AM. Drug treatment of vestibular disorders and nystagmus. Handb Clin Neurol. 2016;137:249-259. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-63437-5.00015-2
