Allopurinol

Allopurinol is anti-gout and hypouricemic drug that contributes to a violation of the synthesis of uric acid. Properties of the drug due to its ability to inhibit the activity of the enzyme xanthine oxidase, what reducing the concentration of uric acid in the urine and body fluids. Also, the drug contributes to the process of dissolution of urate.

Allopurinol is used in the treatment of primary and secondary hyperuricemia with hematological malignancies (acute form of leukemia, chronic form of myeloid leukemia, lymphosarcoma, etc.), primary and secondary gout, urate kidney stones, urate nephropathy, psoriasis, traumatic toxicosis, cytostatic and radiation therapy of tumors, in order to uric acid nephropathy prevention in the treatment by corticosteroid.

Indications:

  • Hyperuricemia;
  • Primary and secondary gout;
  • Kidney stones with formation of uric acid stones;
  • Cytostatic and radiation therapy of tumors;
  • Psoriasis;
  • Traumatic toxicosis;
  • Corticosteroid therapy for the prevention of uric acid nephropathy;
  • Malignancies and inborn errors of purine metabolism in children.

Allopurinol tablets intended for oral administration.

The pills are recommended to swallow without chewing, with drinking plenty of water. It is advisable to take Allopurinol after meals.

During the drug Allopurinol taken is necessary to drink plenty of fluids to maintain normal urine output, if necessary, alkalinization of urine can also be carried (in this case improves the excretion of uric acid).

The duration of treatment and the dose of Allopurinol preparation are determined by the doctor. Daily dose is calculated basing on the levels of uric acid in the plasma.

The average daily dose is 100-300 mg of Allopurinol. The daily dose can be administered at one time.

It is recommended to start treatment with the lowest dose (100 mg daily) and adjust it if it is necessary.

Correction of the dose of Allopurinol is spend 1 time in 1-3 weeks, considering the level of uric acid in the plasma. The average maintenance dose is 200-600 mg of Allopurinol per day. In some cases, treatment with high doses may be required (600-800 mg of Allopurinol per day). If the daily dose of Allopurinol is more than 300 mg of the drug it should be divided into several stages (not more than 300 mg of Allopurinol per reception).

Allopurinol is usually very well tolerated and practically does not cause side effects. Among the possible adverse reactions are: dyspeptic symptoms, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, headaches, peripheral neuritis, erectile dysfunction, change in taste, retinal degeneration, elevated of hepatic enzymes, low blood pressure, drowsiness, hepatic necrosis, leukocytosis.

The drug is not accepted by patients who have intolerance to any ingredient of the product, this intolerance is individual. Also, the drug is not prescribe in the presence of severe hepatic function disorders, severe renal function disorders, primary hemochromatosis, azotemia.